Tethered satellites - Exotic and powerful probes for science experiments in low planetary orbits

The principles of tethered satellites are reviewed with references to proposed tether applications and the developing Tethered Satellite System (TSS). Attention is given to the interactions between tethered satellites and the gravitational and magnetic fields of the earth, and tether librations and current paths are discussed. The TSS-1 spaceborne tether system is based on the deployment of a 500-kg instrumented subsatellite from the Space Shuttle. The deployment strategy and the configuration of the TSS are illustrated emphasizing the dynamics and electrodynamics of tether use as well as the integration of Shuttle and satellite sensors. The potential applications of tethered satellites include low-altitude long-duration mappings of the earth, microgravity experimentation, and electric power generation.