Ground Deformation Imagery of the May Sichuan Earthquake

The magnitude Mw = 7.8 earthquake that struck Chinas Sichuan region on 12 May 2008 (Figure 1a) has been imaged by the Italian Space Agencys (ASI) Constellation of Small Satellites for the Mediterranean Basin Observation (COSMO)-SkyMed radar Earth observation satellites. Five images were available—two preseismic spotlight mode images and three strip-map mode images, two of which are preseismic and one of which is postseismic. We used two strip-map images (acquired 1 month prior to and 3 days after the earthquake) to generate the first ever X-band (i.e., microwave frequency domain, corresponding to about 3- centi meter wavelength) coseismic interferogram, which clearly shows part of the strong ground deformation caused by the fault dislocation. We also performed a change detection analysis of the same data that highlighted several changes in the radar response, presumably due to strong seismic damage, as far as 80 kilo meters away from the epicenter.