Effects of Spinal Section and of Positive-Feedback Excitatory Reflex on Sympathetic and Heart Rate Variability

Abstract--The sympathetic outflow appears to be capable of displaying a rhythmicity synchronous with cardiovascular Mayers waves even after spinal section. To test the hypothesis that spinal sympathetic low frequency (LF) oscillation can be enhanced during sympathetic excitation, we recorded cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), R-R interval, arterial pressure, and ventilation in 9 unanesthetized decerebrate-vagotomized cats before and after C1 spinal section. LF and high frequency (HF) components were detected in the variability of SNA, R-R interval, and systolic arterial pressure both before and after spinal section. In this latter condition, a significant coherence between LFSNA and LFR-R was present in 5 animals, whereas HFSNA and HFR-R were correlated in 4 animals. During an excitatory sympathetic spinal reflex elicited by aortic constriction, the efferent sympathetic firing was markedly enhanced (from 7+/-2 to 33+/-7 spikes/s); concomitantly, the powers of both LFSNA and HFSNA were also increased. Coherence between LFSNA and LFR-R became significant in all cases, whereas HFSNA and HFR-R became correlated in 6 animals. In 3 animals, the reflex sympathetic excitation was no longer elicitable after interrupting a vast contingent of sympathetic afferents by means of thoracic dorsal root section. We report for the first time that LF and HF oscillations are detectable in SNA, R-R interval, and systolic arterial pressure variabilities of decerebrate-vagotomized spinal cats and that an excitatory spinal reflex is capable of increasing the power of both SNA spectral components.